The French Verb Conjugations of Chauffer (to Heat)

In French,  the verb  chauffer  means  to heat. This can easily be confused with chauffeur as in driver. To keep it straight, think of the verb more like a chaffing dish, meaning a heated food serving platter you often see at buffets or banquets. Conjugating the French Verb  Chauffer​ As with all French verbs, we need to conjugate  chauffer  in order for it to mean heating or heated. The -ing and -ed endings are English conjugations and they are universal to the subject. Yet, in French, we must match the verb with the tense as well as the subject: the endings for we is different than the endings for I. While verb conjugations are challenging  for many French students, those that end in -er  often follow a prescribed pattern.  Chauffer  is one of those because it is a  regular -er verb. We take the stem of  chauff  and add particular endings according to the subject and tense. These same endings are used for similar verbs like  brà »ler  (to burn) and  allumer  (to light), making each a little easier to learn than the first. Using the chart, pair the subject pronoun to the proper tense for your subject. For example, I heat is je chauffe and we will heat is nous chaufferons. Subject Present Future Imperfect je chauffe chaufferai chauffais tu chauffes chaufferas chauffais il chauffe chauffera chauffait nous chauffons chaufferons chauffions vous chauffez chaufferez chauffiez ils chauffent chaufferont chauffaient The Present Participle of  Chauffer The  present participle  of chauffer  is chauffant. For this conjugation, it is as easy as adding -ant  to the verb stem. It is used as a verb and will also work as an adjective, gerund, or noun when needed. The Past Participle and Passà © Composà © A  common way to express the past tense heated in French is to use the  passà © composà ©. To do this, conjugate the  auxiliary, or helping verb  avoir  to the correct subject, then add the  past participle  chauffà ©. For instance, I heated becomes jai chauffà © and we heated is nous avons chauffà ©. You should note that  ai  and  avons  are conjugates of  avoir.  Also, the past participle does not change when the subject does. More Simple  Chauffer  Conjugations to Know At first, students should focus on the present, past, and future forms of  chauffer  as these are used most often. With experience, you may also find a use for the subjunctive or conditional verb forms. Both of these imply some degree of uncertainty to the verb. In rare instances and primarily in literature, you will see the passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive forms of  chauffer. While you may not use or need them yourself, you should at least be able to recognize and associate them with to heat. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Passà © Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je chauffe chaufferais chauffai chauffasse tu chauffes chaufferais chauffas chauffasses il chauffe chaufferait chauffa chauffà ¢t nous chauffions chaufferions chauffà ¢mes chauffassions vous chauffiez chaufferiez chauffà ¢tes chauffassiez ils chauffent chaufferaient chauffà ¨rent chauffassent For short and direct exclamations, use  chauffer  in the imperative form. To do so, theres no need to include the subject pronoun. Rather than saying tu chauffe, you can simply say chauffe. Imperative (tu) chauffe (nous) chauffons (vous) chauffez

Nutrition And Its Effects On Health Essay - 1992 Words

As income increases, many people are finding it less time-consuming to purchase already prepared foods instead a home-cooked meal. With the increase in income, individuals are forgetting the importance of nutrition and its effects on our overall health. When it comes to nutrition, many individuals should observe what are their inputs and outputs in order to maintain a healthy consumption balance. Through this constant observation, it can help an individual maintain a balance intake of foods. At the same time, it may help reduce the risk of obtaining an illness or disease. The observation can also help you understand your health and assisting you in asking help from a registered dietitians to help improve diet. But, we cannot forget that nutrition works alongside physical activity and it must be accounted for to maintain a healthy diet. When one maintains a healthy diet, it can protect the health of the body from outside influences. In addition, to ensure that we are eating the necess ary amounts of the nutrients, we are asked to record a two week consumption of foods. It will help me to determine whether or not I have a healthy diet. This will help me evaluate my overall intake of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids to see if I am consuming enough nutrients to help my body function. Before any documentation is done, I will hypothesize that I am not consuming enough nutrients that are required to help the body function properly. Materials Methods In order to record andShow MoreRelatedNutrition And Its Effects On Health933 Words   |  4 PagesJust as nutrition can have drastic effects on one’s physical health, nutrition can affect one’s mental health as well. The most common mental disorders that are prevalent in numerous countries are depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). 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IFSR Adoption in Malaysia for Pacific Countries- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theIFSR Adoption in Malaysia for Pacific Countries. Answer: Introduction The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) were developed by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) in 2001. The IFRS provides a global guideline that helps the entities in preparing and disclosing their financial reports and statements. This report addresses the adoption of IFRS and IFRS 13 in Malaysia in comparison with other Asian and Pacific countries. The concept and the underlying assumptions of fair value accounting according to IFRS 13 Fair value measurement. According to IFRS 13, the Fair value is defined as to the price to be received when an asset is sold or the price paid when a liability is transferred between two market players in an orderly manner at the measurement date. There are several assumptions that have to be considered when measuring a fair value according to IFRS 13. One, location, conditions and sale's restriction attached to the asset or liability to be measured should be included. Two, the disclosure of the principal market where the orderly transaction for asset or liability would be executed (Albu, Albu, Alexander, 2014). Three, disclose the best or highest application of an asset especially when the asset is used for the non-financial purpose either as a stand-alone or in combination with other assets. And four, a disclosure of the market participants that would be involved in the pricing of the asset or liability (Yang, Clark, Wu, Farley, 2015). Conversely, the IFRS 13 involves detailed disclosures which assist the financial statement users to assess the techniques used for valuation inputs and techniques applied in measuring fair values. The fair value measurement techniques are updated regularly in line with the changes in the market. The IFRS 13 standards involve three hierarchical levels in establishing a fair value of an asset or a liability (KPMG, 2011). Literature Review on the application of IFRS in Malaysia, Azerbaijan, India, and Australia. This section discusses the existing literature on the adoption, implementation, and application of IFRS in Malaysia, Azerbaijan, India, and Australia. IFRS in Malaysia The adoption of IFSR is Malaysia was intended to standardize the country's accounting standard to the rest of the world. Previously studies showed that there existed varying findings in establishing the fair value of assets or liabilities. The standardization of the accounting processes included both the reporting and environmental accounting. Previous studies established that accounting reporting standards in Malaysia still varied during the early stages of IFRS adoption (ACCA, 2013). However, many of these studies were adopted in the early phases of IFRS implementation. This has been proved by the recent studies where the adoption of IFRS is in its late phase. A comparison between the past and recent studies have shown a huge variance on the application of IFRS guidelines (Goyal, 2013). In Malaysia environment has a major effect on economic growth and development. In other words, environmental accounting is fundamental to the country's economic development. Hence IFRS was adopted in Malaysia to help in addressing and standardizing the accounting issues surrounding the environmental accounting (Gan, Chong, Ahmad, 2016). However, several studies have shown that the adoption of IFRS to, directly and indirectly, address environmental accounting disclosures have not fully proven to be fruitful. This is contrary to the European countries where the adoption of IFRS has become mandatory in enhancing information quality on environmental accounting. With the increasing global adoption of IFRS developing countries like Malaysia could not be left behind (Ismail, Kamarudin, Zijl, Dunstan, 2013). The use of IFRS techniques in reporting environmental financial practice in Malaysia is increasing on a daily basis. Studies have shown the importance of standardizing environmental reporting. Irrespective of the improved adoption of IFRS in Malaysia, there is still the need of tying the loose ends. IFRS has been accepted as the technology that can help in setting environmental reporting framework and principles. According to a study by He, Wong, Young, (2012), there was a need to adopt a proper framework of treating environmental accounting. The study further conducted a comparative analysis on companies in Australia and Malaysia and their adoption of IFRS principles. The findings stated that the Australian countries reported a high rate of applying IFRS in the disclosure of environmental accounting as compared to those in Malaysia. Therefore, credible environmental accounting principles and framework should be implemented to eliminate the factors that hinder standardized reporting of environmental accounting (Kris Andrea, 2016). Despite the adoption of IFRS framework and principles in handling environmental reporting and accounting standards in Malaysia, there is still a variance to the global standards. There is still a lot to be done to fully implement IFRS after its adoption. IFRS in India Prior to the full adoption of the IFRS in India, the country faced a lot of confusion over its implementation. The treatment of tax issues was a major factor that needed a lot of clarity considering that India had its own accounting system in place i.e. Indian Accounting standards (Ind-As). India was pushed to adopt the IFRS as a way of catching up with the global accounting trends. The country showed the need of adoption the IFRS in order to reform the processes involved in conducting businesses. The move would also ensure that its companies would remain competitive in the global market by enhancing their credibility (Negash, 2009). Differences between the IFRS and Ind-As Many corporates objected the adoption of the IFRS in India before some accounting issues had been addressed. The issues were based on the existing differences between the IFRS and the Ind-As. First when addressing the presentation of Financial Statements, the IAS (IFRS) allows entities to follow either single or two statement approach while the Ind-AS only allow the use of single statement approach (Albu, Albu, Alexander, 2014). Second, Ind-AS states that unrealized exchange difference arising from the foreign exchange when recognized as Equity should be transferred to the Profit loss account at the end of maturity period of the monetary item. On the other hand, IAS 21 states that unrealized exchange difference coming from long-term assets and liabilities monetary items should be recognized immediately as Profit loss item. Third, according to the Ind-AS, expenses should be classified based on the nature of such expenses when being presented to the Financial Statements. On the other hand, IAS states that expenses can be classified based on either function or nature of such an expense whichever the option that offers more relevant and reliable information (Lehman, 2006). These are just but a few issues that lead to the conflict between the two accounting systems. Such differences between the two systems led entities to incur extra cost when converting their financial reports from one method to the other. Therefore, several corporates accepted the need to harmonize the Ind-AS with the IFRS. The objective was to eliminate the existing differences when reporting similar transactions. To eliminate the existing discrepancy, accounting bodies around the world decided to come up with a uniform standard of accounting. This was the genesis of the IFRS developed by the International Accounting Standards (IAS) and was expected to be adopted globally. The Indian accounting body had no option but to adopt the IFRS method to maintain the credibility and competitiveness of its companies in the global market (Albu, Albu, Alexander, 2014). IFRS in Australia IFRS was adopted in Australia in 2005 because the country wanted to be part of the global countries that were advocating for high quality and consistent financial reporting. Before 2004, the country was using the Australian accounting standards (ASB). With the expansion of globalization, entities were advancing into foreign markets and Australia could not be left behind. IFRS would ensure that its corporations would receive global recognition as well as access the foreign capital markets easily. The adoption of IFRS guidelines would ensure independence, best practices and increased disclosure of entities annual reports (Wayne, 2004). Likewise, being among the founding members of the IASB in 1973, Australia had a mandate of participating and contributing to the development of a universally acceptable accounting standards. It would not be convenient to continue with its Australian accounting standards and at the same time remain a member of the IAS. Therefore it was an opportune time for Australia to harmonize its accounting guidelines by adopting the IAS' IFRS. The adoption also ensured that the Australian investors had access to credible financial information. Lastly, the adoption would ensure that companies save the cost of reconciling its financial reports between different accounting methods now that most countries were steadily adopting the IFRS method (KPMG, 2011). Some studies were conducted to examine whether the Australian decision to adopt the IFRS was the right one. The studies found out that the advantages associated with IFRS are the growth of the country's capital markets, higher trade volume, and increase in the cash inflows. Likewise, the adoption made it easier for the Australian companies to expand their business both within the region and globally (Chand, 2005). However, there exists some argument against the adoption of IFRS. For instance, it has been stated that by adopting IFRS, the AASB lack the independence of accessing and controlling companies' financial reports. Definitely, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages on the adoption of IFRS. In conclusion, Australia still use its AAS because it has a wide coverage on some parts missing from the IFRS. Full adoption of the IFRS is a process that would take sometimes. It should be agreed that with successful development and expansion of the IFRS, the disadvantages would not exist in the future. Whether or not Australia has benefited by adopting the IFRS is depend on the full development of the method in the future (Wayne, 2004). IFRS in the Azerbaijan Republic The existing literature has outlined several advantages of IFRS adoption to the Azerbaijan Republic and its organizations. The basis of adopting IFRS in the country was to promote accounting transparency, high quality, and disclosure of financial reports in line with the globally accepted standards. Adoption of IFRS accounting method is associated with several advantages. First, it has led to a stable financial system and economic growth in Azerbaijan. Second, it has enhanced the attraction of international investors to the economy (ACCA, 2013). Third, the country has been integrated into the global market. Local companies can now compete with foreign companies in the competitive global market. Companies from the Azerbaijan Republic can compete fairly in the market. Lastly, the adoption has enhanced the development of the country's stock exchange market. Organizations also stand to benefit more from the adoption of the IFRS methods. First, it promotes transparency of financial report disclosure. It has been proven that using IFRS method to prepare financial statement offer accurate and comprehensive financial information. Second, other advantages include effective use of resources, comparability, understandability, easier decision-making, and creation of new funds. For example, recognition of revaluation decrease or increase and impairment losses leading to an increase or decrease of a company's equity (Madah Marzuki Abdul Wahab, 2016). However, the accounting board of Azerbaijan Republic has pointed out several challenges that are a hindrance to the proper application of IFRS. It has been stated that regulations such as impairment test, and hedge accounting within the IFRS are complex in nature. Companies and accoutring personnel might lack the expertise of addressing these regulations (KPMG, 2011). The disclosures on the use of fair value accounting in the 2016 annual reports of four companies (two Malaysian and two Australian companies). This section compares the application of fair value disclosure by Petron Malaysia Refining Marketing BHD and the Boustead Heavy Industries Corporation Berhad (both in Malaysia) and ASX Limited and Brambles Company (both in Australia). The comparison is based on the four companies 2016 audited annual reports. An analysis of the four companies' 2016 annual reports, it has been revealed that all of them use the IFRS method in their financial preparation and reporting. Likewise, the entities also use IFRS 13 for the disclosure of their financial assets and liabilities. The companies applied the three hierarchical level of fair value disclosure namely; Level 1 consist of fair value realized from unadjusted quoted price in the active markets Level 2 consist of fair value realized from inputs instead of quoted prices carried from level 1. Level 3 consist of fair value realized from the unobservable inputs for financial assets and liabilities. For instance, the Petron Malaysia Refining Marketing BHD made no transfers between level 1 and 2 fair values during 2016. The Company's level 2 fair value was as follows; The fair value of assets and liabilities realized from forwarding exchange contract stood at $ 2,336,000 and -$77,000 respectively. Likewise, the fair value of assets and liabilities realized from Commodity swaps were $622,000 and -$21,625,000 respectively. Lastly, the fair value of the company's liabilities realized from foreign exchange contracts fair value level 2 changed from -$ 8,000 in March 2016 to -$461,000 December 2016. Likewise, level 2 fair value from commodity swap liabilities changed from -$14,236,000 in March 2017 to $-10,668,000 in December 2016. The Boustead Heavy Industries Corporation Berhad uses the market prices to determine the fair value of its assets and liabilities. However the company does not carry its trades and other receivables, amount arising from joint ventures, loans and borrowings, and trade and other payables at the fair value but rather it uses their carrying amounts. Notably, the company's long-term financial instruments are listed under level because they are determined using the discounting rate of their future cash flows. The company's estimated financial liabilities fair value changed from RM 207,000 in 2015 to RM 888,000 in 2016. According to the ASX Limited's 2016 annual report, no assets or liabilities were measured at a fair value on a non-recurring basis. The company's level 1, level 2 and level 3 fair value assets stood at $548.2m, 3583.1m, and 23.3m in 2016 and 402.2m, 2798.5m and 0m in 2015 respectively. The total fair values increased from 3200.7m in 2015 to 4154.6m in 2016. Lastly, the Brambles Company used the binomial valuation methodology in determining it's the fair value of its grant shares. The comparative analysis shows that the four companies use fair value techniques for the disclosure of their financial assets and liabilities. Discuss if your findings support (or reject) the view that the use of fair value accounting since IFRS harmonisation in Malaysia has improved the quality of information disclosure. Definitely, the adoption of the IFRS fair value accounting has not only helped in the harmonization of the entities financial reports but also maintain the credibility of the Malaysian companies in reporting their financial statements. The adoption of the IFRS have helped the country's accounting system to Address and standardize the accounting issues surrounding the environmental accounting, Help in setting environmental reporting framework and principles, Maintain the credibility and competitiveness of Australian companies in the global market, Led to stable financial system and economic growth in Malaysia, Enhance the attraction of international investors to the economy. Integration of the local companies into the global market. Companies can now compete fairly with foreign companies in the competitive global market Republic can compete fairly in the market, Enhance the development and strengthening of the country's stock exchange market. And, the IFRS method supports the preparation of financial statement in a more accurate and comprehensive manner. References ACCA. (2013). Environmental Accounting and Reporting. Retrieved 09 22, 2017, from https://www.accaglobal.com/my/en/student/acca-qual-student-journey/qual-resource/accaqualification/p1/technical-articles/environmental-accounting-and-reporting.html Albu, C., Albu, N., Alexander, D. (2014). When global accounting standards meet the local context? Insights from an emerging economy. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 489-510. ASX Limited. (2016). Annual Report 2016. Retrieved from https://www.asx.com.au/about/interactive-annual-report-2016/files/assets/basic-html/page-1.html Brambles Limited. (2016). Anuual Report 2016. Sydney: Brambles. Retrieved from https://www.brambles.com/annual-reports Chand, P. (2005). Impetus to the success of harmonization: the case of South Pacific Island nations. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 16(3), pp. 209-226. Gan, C. Y., Chong, L. L., Ahmad, Z. (2016). Impacts of FRS139 adoption on value relevance of financial reporting in Malaysia. Managerial Finance, 42(7), pp. 706-721. Goyal, N. (2013). Integrating Corporate Environmental Reporting IFRS/IAS: Need of the hour. International Journal of Management and Social, 50-55. He, X., Wong, J., Young, D. (2012). Challenges for Implementation of Fair Value Accounting in Emerging Markets: Evidence from China. Contemporary Accounting Research , 29 (2), pp. 538-562. Ismail, W., Kamarudin, W., Zijl, T., Dunstan, K. (2013). Earnings quality and the adoption of IFRS?based accounting standards: Evidence from an emerging market. Asian Review of Accounting, 21(1), pp. 53-73. KPMG. (2011). Insights into Malaysia's convergence with IFRS. KPMG. Kris, P., Andrea, W. (2016). Across the board-IFRS: reporting revolution or expensive distraction. KPMG, 1-13. Lehman, G. (2006). International Differences on Corporate Environmental Disclosure Practices: A Comparison Between Malaysia and Australia. Adelaide: University of South Australia. Madah Marzuki, M., Abdul Wahab, E. A. (2016). Institutional factors and conditional conservatism in Malaysia: Does international financial reporting standards convergence matter. Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics, 12(3), pp. 191-209. Mokhtar, N., Sulaiman, M. (2012). Environmental Reporting Practices of Malaysian Governement Linked Companies (GLCs). International Journal of Economics and Management, 241-277. Negash, M. (2009). FRS and Environmental Accounting. In: Management Research Review. Denver: Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 577-601. Petron Malaysia. (2017). Petron Malaysia Refining Marketing Bhd: Annual 2016 report. Malaysia. Retrieved from https://www.petron.com.my/web/site/annual the Boustead Heavy Industries Corporation Berhad. (2016). 2016 Annual Report. Boustead. Wayne, L. (2004). The Emasculation of Accounting Standard Setting in Australia. Yang, H. H., Clark, C., Wu, C., Farley, A. (2015). Insights from Accounting Practitioners on China's Convergence with IFRS. Australian Accounting Review, doi:10.1111/auar.12182.

Othello And His Tragic Flaw Essay Research free essay sample

Othello And His Tragic Flaw Essay, Research Paper Calamities frequently focus on a tragic hero who has a defect that finally leads to his ruin. That defect is normally referred to as a tragic defect that is inborn to the individual and can mirror his background. In Aristotle # 8217 ; s Poeticss, he discusses the theory of calamity and what standard is indispensable in an ideal calamity. Harmonizing to Aristotle, the tragic defect is the most of import portion of the hero and the events that occur in the work is a contemplation of that defect. In William Shakespeare # 8217 ; s Othello, Othello is an first-class illustration of an Aristotelean tragic hero. His credulousness and green-eyed monster are the chief ground of his ruin. Othello trades with love doomed because of credulousness and green-eyed monster. Aristotle # 8217 ; s theory of calamity, found in the Poetics, trades with the features of dramas that make them a true calamity, and features are besides indispensable in giving dramas their true definition of a calamity. We will write a custom essay sample on Othello And His Tragic Flaw Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Harmonizing to Aristotle, the life and psyche of calamity is secret plan. Incidents in the secret plan have the best consequence if they occur out of the blue, and in effect of one another. A great calamity grips the audience with the secret plan. Aristotle besides states that the sense of the inevitable must be present in calamity. The tragic hero is besides another of import factor in an Aristotelean calamity. The chief character must be baronial, have a higher stature than most work forces, and have better qualities than secondary characters. However, the chief character must besides exhibit his defects. The most of import portion of an Aristotelean tragic hero is the tragic defect. He must hold that defect throughout his life and it will play the primary function in his ruin, while reflecting his background. Another portion of the chief character is that he is destroyed by himself, non by others, bad fortune, or corruption. These are the standards necessary to be classified as a ideal calamity and Othello meets that criteria. The chief character, Othello, is a classical illustration of a tragic hero, and he has the basic elements that match him up to be a true hero defined by Aristotle. Othello, being a soldier all his life, is seen as a really honest man.. His rubric entirely, governor-general, presents an air of aristocracy, assurance, and strength. The rubric defines person who is held in enormously high regard by the people of Venice. During Act 1, Scene 3, the Duke and a few Senators are discoursing issues around a tabular array when Othello enters the room. It # 8217 ; s clear that Othello is held in high regard when, as he enters, one of the senators provinces Here comes Brabantio and the valorous Moor ( 47 ) . Othello # 8217 ; s assurance in himself, another of his positive properties, is clearly portrayed as he defends himself and his recent matrimony to Desdemona, the girl of the Venetian Senator Barbantio. In his defence, he associates himself with one of the great 1s of the universe. He besides demonstrates assurance in himself and his actions when Brabantio, Desdemona # 8217 ; s outraged male parent, accuses the Moor of witchery. His stature, that of a tall, dark, African Moor, combined with his personal magnetic attraction, help him in deriving the regard and commitment of the Venetian people and senators. The regard of the people is brought Forth in Act 1, Scene 2, when Montano, the Governor of Cyprus, is expecting the reaching of Othello # 8217 ; s ship, following a strong storm at sea, and comments he has # 8220 ; served him # 8221 ; and the adult male [ Othello ] commands/ Like a full soldier # 8221 ; ( 35-36 ) . He besides refers to him as the # 8220 ; weather Othello # 8221 ; ( 38 ) . Othello is besides held in regard by his work forces, the soldiers, and throughout the drama is referred to as a # 8220 ; captain, # 8221 ; a term Britnee Jade 2 carried over from Roman times which depicts a commanding officer of a company of work forces, or a so called # 8220 ; soldiers soldier # 8221 ; . He is a proved leader of work forces and known for his military cognition and accomplishments. His soldierlike ways are a consequence of functioning a military capacity since the early age of seven. Dignity, bravery, a strong belief in faith, self control and sound judgement are a few of Othello # 8217 ; s other positive properties portrayed in the drama. His assurance in himself and his bravery are clearly apparent when Othello makes a base before Brabantio, Roderigo and Iago, when following the drawing of their blades, Othello, as opposed to retreating in the face of danger twits # 8220 ; Keep up your bright blades, for the dew will corrode them # 8221 ; ( 59-60 ) . Shakespeare continues to portray Othello as a well- respected Lord throughout his drama, from get downing to stop. Shakespeare besides shows a soft side when he displays Othello # 8217 ; s love and assurance in his married woman Desdemona. In Act 1 Scene 3, Othello entrusts his married woman to the attention of another gentleman and his married woman as he must travel off to war in Cyprus. The entrusted adult male and his married woman go on to be his good friend Iago and his married woman Emilia. Othello displays his trust and assurance in both his married woman and his officer [ Iago ] when he comments to Iago # 8220 ; to his [ Iago s ] conveyance I assign my married woman # 8221 ; ( 286 ) . His trustworthiness make him a greatly respected individual. Through aristocracy, regard, love, and trust, Othello is considered to be an honest and applaudable adult male. However, Othello # 8217 ; s background was unsophisticated, and would frequently impact his attitude. Othello is a individual who is guiltless and base in nature. He was influenced by the manner his life was traveling on. Othello # 8217 ; s statement, His artlessness and deficiency of edification is revealed in this statement. # 8220 ; Perdition catch my psyche but I do love thee. And when I love thee non, pandemonium is come again. # 8221 ; ( move 3, Sc. 3, line 100 ) , showed that he felt his life was merely in order if he is loved. The people around Othello besides knew of his attitude. Iago was really speedy to see this. In his first monologue, Iago said # 8220 ; the Moor is of a free and unfastened nature that thinks work forces honest that but seem to be so. # 8221 ; ( 1,3,442 ) Iago knew of Othello # 8217 ; s failing. Othello # 8217 ; s artlessness and sordidness makes him susceptible to being undermined by people. Iago besides reveals his program to utilize the Moor # 8217 ; s credulousness against him. Othello is clearly a individual who believes visual aspects versus world. When Othello was told about an matter between Desdemona and Cassio, he started to go covetous. Bing that individual who believes visual aspects, he wanted optic cogent evidence of Desdemona # 8217 ; s infidelity. Even a superficial piece of grounds would hold been sufficient. In his statement, # 8220 ; Give me a life ground she is disloyal. # 8221 ; ( 3,3,446 ) , Othello revealed that he would believe in anything he saw. This is a clear illustration of his credulousness and that visual aspects can gull him. Othel lo’s words is the implicit in statement that determined his feelings. The tragic defect of credulousness would take his feelings to do bad judgements. All of his features made him a clear Aristotelean tragic hero. Othello # 8217 ; s tragic defect of credulousness is exposed throughout the class of the drama. He besides developed a green-eyed monster that was caused by his gullibility. Iago is the accelerator of Othello # 8217 ; s acquired green-eyed monster. His scheming was inflicted upon the unsuspicious Othello throughout the drama. Iago # 8217 ; s immorality was structured on utilizing falsenesss and innuendos to play on Othello # 8217 ; s credulousness. Iago appeared as an honest homo being, Britnee Jade 3 but in world he was an evil individual. Iago created a trap that was easy bought in to by Othello. Iago knows Othello # 8217 ; s defects and takes advantage of them. Othello # 8217 ; s credulousness is really apparent to Iago, and his free and unfastened nature makes him vulnerable to being tricked by Iago. Iago # 8217 ; s intelligence read Othello # 8217 ; s sordidness. When the initial rumour of an matter between Desdemona and Cassio was implanted in Othello # 8217 ; s caput, Iago built up his trust with the Moor by stating, # 8220 ; O, beware, my Godhead of green-eyed monster! It is the jealous monster which doth mock the meat it feeds on. # 8221 ; ( 3,3,195 ) Iago, being a adult male of accomplishments and fast ones, bewares Othello of the dangers of green-eyed monster # 8230 ; the same green-eyed monster being instilled in Othello by Iago. He intentionally plays off of Othello # 8217 ; s credulousness throughout the drama. Othello # 8217 ; s credulousness led him to believe prevarications and innuendos by Iago. Othello is overwhelmed by all of the innuendos and prevarications. Othello # 8217 ; s credulousness, his tragic defect, is the underlying ground of his ruin. Othello finally becomes overtaken with all of the green-eyed monster that is in his head. The conflict between love and hatred traveling on in Othello # 8217 ; s head is clearly seen in the statement, # 8220 ; Farewell the tranquil head! Farewell content! Farewell the plumy military personnels and the large wars that makes aspiration virtuousness! O Farewell! # 8221 ; ( 3,3,400 ) Othello # 8217 ; s statement besides relates to his statement that his life is good with love. When Othello lost his love, his life turned to chaos. Othello is ferocious at all the # 8220 ; grounds # 8221 ; of Desdemona # 8217 ; s matter, and considers the cogent evidence sufficient because it is from Iago. Othello so plans to slay Desdemona and Cassio. At that point, Iago realized that his program worked absolutely and that he had Othello in his clasps. Iago # 8217 ; s statement, # 8220 ; Work on, my medicine work! Thy credulous saps are caught, and many worthy and chaste Danes even therefore, All guiltless, met reproach. # 8221 ; ( 4,1,53 ) shows that Othello is fleeceable. He clearly called Othello a # 8220 ; credulous fool. # 8221 ; Iago remarks on the people he caught and the easiness of hocus-pocus. Othello is clearly manipulated by a individual who recognized his natural defects and used them to his advantage. Othello is made into a sap by Iago because Iago had the thrust and mental capacity to utilize person # 8217 ; s mind to his benefit. Shakespeare depicted Othello as one of the most loving individuals. He lived for the love and attention of a individual. The manner that Othello was turned to hatred is dry. The overmastering psychotic belief that he suffers is due to his beliefs of an matter. His cardinal qualities lead him to easy believe anything that is presented to him. Othello # 8217 ; s false beliefs drives him into utmost choler and makes him plot to kill his married woman and lieutenant. The concluding phases of the drama reveals the true credulousness of Othello to the other characters. Iago agrees to assist kill Desdemona and Cassio. When Othello eventually went through with his program, the deceasing Desdemona reassures her religion to him. Othello believes Iago and his ain false tax write-offs alternatively of his ain married woman. Desdemona did non recognize Othello # 8217 ; s defects. In her statement, # 8220 ; And but my baronial Moor is true of head and made of no such sordidness as covetous 1s are, it were plenty to set them to ill thinking. # 8221 ; ( 3,4,25 ) she judged Othello opposite to what he truly was. She did non surmise that Othello would surmise her for an matter. In world, Othello is a fleeceable individual who is drawn into green-eyed monster and falsity by Iago. Othello accomplished his program of killing his married woman and destructing a matrimony that had no ground to be lacerate apart. Desdemona was the victim of a Britnee Jade 4 secret plan by a fleeceable adult male driven into fury because of prevarications. When Emilia confronted Othello, he admits to killing his married woman but said that she was untrue to him. Emilia repeatedly told Othello Desdemona # 8217 ; s unfaithfulness was non true. He responds to Emilia by stating, # 8220 ; Ay, # 8217 ; twas he that told me on her first. An honorable adult male he is, and hates the sludge that sticks on foul deeds. # 8221 ; ( 5,2,179 ) Othello # 8217 ; s credulousness is besides exhibited in this statement. He believes Iago and his prevarications because he thinks that Iago is honest. Othello is drawn in by the visual aspect of Iago, and Iago # 8217 ; s intriguing is so powerful that Othello praises him for his # 8220 ; honesty. # 8221 ; Othello and Iago are eventually caught and their secret plan is revealed. Othello so finds out that Iago did non travel through with his vow to kill Cassio. Othello told the functionaries his grounds for perpetrating slaying and that Iago told him of an matter. Iago # 8217 ; s response is, # 8220 ; Demand me nil. What you know, you know. From this clip Forth, I neer will talk a word. # 8221 ; ( 5,2,335 ) Iago Tells Othello and the others that he didn # 8217 ; t state Othello about an matter. He merely merely made innuendos and suggestions about one. Othello truly does non know of an matter between Desdemona and Cassio, but his credulousness leads him to be overtaken with visual aspects. Othello does non do any existent effort to happen out the truth. He relies on Iago to supply a image of what he thought happened. Because of Othello # 8217 ; s failure to seek the truth, his inevitable ruin becomes ocular when he kills himself. Othello # 8217 ; s tragic defect is being fleeceable. His background of sordidness makes him a weak minded individual. Iago is an evil adult male who wanted to see the ruin of Othello. He recognizes Othello # 8217 ; s defect and utilizations it to his benefit. Iago # 8217 ; s strategy consists of images and visual aspects of an matter, but non grounds of one. Othello # 8217 ; s stature, and downfall do him a true tragic hero. His tragic defect, credulousness, the shaping standards of a tragic hero, makes Othello a adult male that he neer thought he would be. Othello realizes that he became a individual filled with fury and hatred, and merely wants to decide the pandemonium in his life by seting an terminal to the matter that he believes is traveling on. All the construction # 8217 ; s of Othello # 8217 ; s character makes him a premier illustration for a Aristotelean tragic hero. 33e

Lost Military Id Essay Example

Lost Military Id Essay The importance of keeping positive control of my military i. d and how it Hinders the army’s OPSEC I won’t sit here and say losing my i. d card was completely out of my reach but things happen I’m only human. But I can assure you that it won’t happen again. But Losing a Military Identification Card has a lot of downsides. There is no good in losing a Military Identification Card regardless of the situations. Accountability in the military is extremely important. Accountability of government property is very important to avoid wasteful spending. It is also important because with items like ID cards it also controls access to sensitive areas. Lack of accountability shows a lack of responsibility. Accountability is very important and crucial for success in the army. But when you join the military they utilize a specific kinds of identification cards. These cards are for any people that are in or related to the armed forces, whether it is marines ,navy ,and in my case the army. They are also issued out to family members and their dependants, and civilian Department of Defense workers. Military I d cac cards are required components of military uniforms in a day to day life of a soldier. In the Army regulation 670-1 it requires that soldiers must at all times carry a military-issued identification card, whether in acu’s or in civilian clothes. Your Military ID card is required to travel on and off military installations such as , access commissaries, Post Exchanges and dinning Facilities. We will write a custom essay sample on Lost Military Id specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Lost Military Id specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Lost Military Id specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Your military id also serves as an indication of a service members rank and branch of service . On their military id card along with the rank and branch of service, is the persons ETS date, their full name, date of birth. It is essential that is always maintained on person and kept well track off, because if lost you are hindering the army’s opsec and can potentially be a high security matter of identity theft fraud. And they can literally have access to any base in the world. They could also have access to secret details on the internet literally almost anything they can get their hands on. They are also used as common access cards that are used to gain access to military computers. According to the Geneva Convention, all military service members are granted different types of treatment as prisoners of war. Military ID cards are issued with each service members Geneva Convention category; if a service member is taken as a prisoner of war, his category defines his standards of behavior and responsibilities to himself and other service members. Geneva Convention categories range from I to IV and are based on a service members rank. The military id is extremely and very important in day to day life as a soldier. Including the reasons I have already gone over, the military i. d is used to during any military flight. If the person didnt have their id card, and the unit was traveling for training or deployment or going to war, that person would not be able to travel. Not only facing further serious punishment for themselves, but effecting his entire unit. Losing a military ID has more downsides then just the punishment received by the individual for losing it.

Role of Criminal Justice System and Illicit Drugs. essays

Role of Criminal Justice System and Illicit Drugs. essays There is considerable debate about the role that the Criminal Justice system should play in the control of illicit drug use (Study Guide 1001CCJ 2003, p.69). The Australian drug policy currently operates within a prohibition model, which states that the production, distribution and use of illicit drugs are criminal offences (Cherney s drug problem, and there seems little doubt that combinations such as law enforcement, medicalisation and harm minimisation based alternatives will be the drug policy of the future. To begin, however, a brief description of the historical origins of prohibition is offered, followed by a review of the criminal justice systems goals in dealing with the control of illicit drugs. The prohibition of illicit drugs originated from a variety of reasons in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. These included political economical, public health considerations as well as pressures from medical and moral groups (Study Guide 1001CCJ 2003, p.69). The rationale behind toughening illicit drug use in the 1960s and 1970s was, and continues to be primarily deterrence (Makkai 2000, p.64). De...

Tax system contribution to economic growth Essay

Tax system contribution to economic growth - Essay Example In other words, without investments, innovation, production and risk taking there will be nothing about economic growth. Production is of great significance because it is the only link between all drivers of economy. Most taxes are often concentrated along labor, investments and production (Economic Review Committee (ERC), 2012). For instance, the United Kingdom as well as other countries in developed and developing world charges income tax on returns from labor, capital gain tax on capital, excise and Value Added Tax (VAT) on production and corporate and property tax on investments. This is a clear manifestation that factors that drive economic growth are the major sources of revenue to the government thus the link between economic growth and tax system. Policy makers are often very cautious with taxation policies proposition considering that these can make or break a nation. Slemrod (2003) asserts that a government can lose big on its tax revenue if it is careless with its tax syst ems especially during this tough economic time that the entire world is healing from the impact of global financial crunch. For instance, multinational companies are likely to shift to countries with low corporation tax rates if the parent country is charging high taxes. Countries that want to advance their economies are renowned for luring investors both foreign and local by offering favorable tax laws and reliefs. A number of countries are carrying out several reforms on their tax systems owing to the pressure from pundits and economists who continue to stand by the view that high taxes are not good for economic prospect. This view is enhanced from the existing empirical studies that involve a review of a number... This essay is the best example of thorough analysis of the mechanisms, by which taxes affect economic growth. It is argued in the paper, that the tax system make tangible contribution to economic growth Economists and policymakers have conducted several studies for a number of years with an objective of establishing the link between tax systems and economic growth. Most, though not all of these studies did establish an undesirable effect of taxes on different measures of a country’s economic performance. A number of taxes especially income, property, capital gain and consumption based taxes have always attracted a lot of attention with respect to their impact on economic growth. Economic growth, which refers to an increase in countries total output over a specified period, is driven by three important factors namely capital, labor and technological advancement. Taxes interfere with income from economic activities that is production of goods and services . This means that lowering or increasing taxes will certainly affect income drawn from an economic activity. For instance, increased income tax will translates to wider gap between gross and net earnings and vice versa. Returns from labor is an important motivator for engaging in gainful employment. However, tax systems especially high personal income tax often discourage people from engaging in labor market. Taxation of factor capital is another important area of consideration when trying to bring out the link between tax system and economic growth.

Nursing - Pain Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Nursing - Pain Management - Essay Example Cyclooxygenases Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase (commonly known as Cyclooxygenases) was purified in 1976 and cloned in 1988. This enzyme is the key catalytic protein in the synthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid, resulting in pain and inflammation, and is subject to inhibition by non ­steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). In 1991, several laboratories identified a second gene product with COX activity, now termed COX-2. It is clear now that both isoforms, COX-l and COX-2 are expressed in both peripheral tissues and several areas of the CNS (Prochazkova et al., 2006). Theories of Pain Gatchel, Polatin, and Kinney (1995) state that there are two prominent theories of pain: the traditional specificity theory of pain and the gate control theory of pain. The former, still widely taught, proposes that pain is a specific sensation and that the intensity of pain is proportional to the extent of tissue damage. This theory implies a fixed, straight-through transmission system from somatic pain receptors to a pain center in the brain (p.416). In 1965, Melzack and Wall proposed the gate control theory. This theory suggests that there are physiological and neural mechanisms in the body that can have an effect on the perception of the painful stimulus (Hawthorn & Redmond 2001). The theory postulates that there are two controls that affect the gate. ... This gating mechanism depends on the relative quantity of information being received over the larger fibers versus the smaller fibers. In essence, the two peripheral impulses interfere with each other to alter pain perception. The gate control theory has received the most recognition in the field of pain research (Gatchel, Polatin, and Kinney 416). Anatomy & Physiology The complexities associated with the experience of pain are immense. Hall (1994) addresses those that deal with the physiological aspects by observing that medical science has not fully explained pain mechanisms. The specialization of receptors has been discovered. This refers to receptors being more sensitive to one stimulus than others. Hall (1994) continues with the identification of the receptor that is "incriminated" in the reception of pain, the unmyelinated or thinly myelinated nerve ending, an "unencapsulated" nerve ending. Hall describes the myelin sheath covering that encloses nerve fibers. The thickness of t his sheath varies throughout the body, from none in the periphery, to very thick where nerves enter bones, and other parts of the body. The covering acts as insulation to keep stimuli from entering the nerve from regions other than those served by the nerve (p. 11). Hall (1994) goes on to describe the receptor as a "primitive unorganized nerve ending and often has a weed-like appearance. It has many branches and overlaps with other receptors to totally cover the area which it serves" (p. 11). The area that a particular nerve serves is called a dermatome, which may serve an area of skin, a muscle, or any organ of the body. Hall states, "It is important to realize that the strength of stimulus is a critical factor in the production of pain in this and other

Business Studies Case Study on a Music Industry (With Diagrams) Essay Example for Free

Business Studies Case Study on a Music Industry (With Diagrams) Essay Benny, a class 9 boy who excelled in the art of singing wanted to make use of his rare talent and raise money for his future education. He set up a small time business with 2 of his friends to raise money, as he was very poor. One of his friends Sam decided to handle accounts as he was skilled at Maths and had a good understanding of what price to set. Another of his friends Josh was in charge of building personal relations with some consumers to enhance sales as he had excellent persuasions and people skills. All three of them thought about different marketing strategies. They conducted research and found: * This was a gap in the market as there are few talented child singers going public * Most of the people in their class were willing to buy the CD at a reasonable price, his juniors and seniors were also willing to buy, * There would be an excitement about the album only for he first few weeks as the three of them had built considerable hype for the launch of the event, * Knowing Benny personally helped as people knew that they could associate and comment on his album, selling the album anywhere else would not earn enough. * They would need to add a lot more value to the album like adding a live video of Benny singing and dancing and a virtually DJ mixed song. They calculated the cost of making one CD: * They had to pay a monthly rent of Rs 10,000 for the recording studio for one month but due to lack of funds the owner of studio allowed them to pay 50% after 4 months * Printing the cover page of the CD- 5 Rupees * Cost of empty CD 15 Rupees * Cover of the CD 10 Rupees * Other Rs. 5000 per month They did not think that they could do all the work themselves and hence employed 20 members of their class and promised to pay them 100 Rupees if they managed to sell 20 CDs each per month. They worked under the sales department. The album was launched in January and Sam decided to sell each CD for a cost of 99 Rupees. The first month the 3 of them sold only in their school and to their close friends and were able to sell 500 CDs in cash while another 250 were sold in credit. The next month the 3 of them decide to go outside school after taking customer feedback through questionnaires, interviews and observations and improving the mistakes they made in the album. Then they decided to market the CD throughout Mumbai and were promoted and sponsored by Planet M, as Planet M is a well known music shop; which charged 10000 per month for advertising. Every week on a Saturday, which is statistically Planet Ms day with the most footfalls, a special promotion took place where Benny sang live in the store. Planet M also advertised this in the Rolling Stones Magazine and newspaper. Benny became an instant hit and at the end of the year they sold 1000 CDs per month in cash and 500 CDs in credit that was to be paid by the next month. Now Benny and his friends have decided to sell the rights of the album to Tips Industry limited for 500,000 so that they could sell whole over India. They took this step as there board exams were approaching but as per the contract Benny has to perform about 1 stage show per month all over India and gets 10,000 Rupees for doing so.

Generation of Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation

Generation of Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation Generation of Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation from Intense Laser-Plasma Interactions using Two-Colour Harmonics BRIEF HISTORY Over the past few decades breakthroughs in the production of intense laser fields have meant that multi-terawatt and even petawatt systems are now standard in laboratories**. This has been achieved through reduction of the pulse duration, originally from nanosecond pulses down to femtosecond and recently reaching attosecond levels (1as =10-18s)**. This coupled with important improvements to systems, such as the chirped pulse amplification technique (CPA)**, has allowed laser pulses to be amplified to higher peak powers than ever before and used in laser-matter interactions. The resulting scientific drive from developments such as these pushed achievable laser intensities from 109W/cm2 to the 1014W/cm2, at which the interaction between these high intensity lasers and dense electron-free gas was studied**. Only recently thanks to advances in both laser performance and computer simulation tools has study on laser-plasma interactions in the generation of HHG made progress, providing the possibility to generate sources of incoherent electromagnetic radiation of short wavelength and pulse durations**. As further study was carried out on the interaction of light with relativistic free electrons in plasma, it has reached a point now in which generation of high-harmonics of the fundamental laser, soft and hard x-rays, and shorter pulse duration (1as) lasers of intensities reaching 1018W/cm2 are now possible**. Due to this the generation of high-order-harmonics from high-intensity laser interactions has been a major area of attoscience research within the last decade. HHG PRODUCTION High harmonic generation (HHG) refers to the process in which a high intensity laser pulse is focused onto a target, classically a noble gas, in which strong nonlinear interactions result in the generation of very high harmonics of the optical frequency of the pulse**. This will occur for intensities of 1014W/cm2 and above, where typically only a small amount of this energy is converted into the higher harmonics. From these high-harmonics, spatially and temporally coherent attosecond pulses of extreme ultraviolet light can be generated, which can then be used as a reliable source of highly tuneable short wavelength radiation in many different applications e.g. x-ray spectroscopy**. In the case of high intensity laser-gas interactions this is achieved by tailoring the intensity of the laser pulse so that its electric field amplitude is similar to the electric field in the target atoms**. From this the lasers electric field is able to remove electrons from the atoms through tunnel ionisation, at which point the electrons are accelerated in the field and, with certain conditions controlled, are made to collide with the newly created ion upon recombination. The resulting collision generates the emission of high energy photons**, as shown in fig 1. Fig. 1: HHG three step model. This is known as the three step model; electron is detached from atom through tunnel ionisation, then accelerated within the field away from atom, then accelerated back towards atom where it collides and recombines, from this collision all the energy lost appears as emitted HHG ultraviolet photons. HHG from laser-gas interactions have been used extensively to generate attosecond pulses but is limited in flux and photon energy by low conversion efficiencies between the driving laser energy and the attosecond pulses, this can be attributed to two key factors; loss of phase matching between the driving laser to the generated extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation as its propagated through the gas over a relatively large distance, and a restriction on the intensity of the driving laser due to the ionisation threshold of the target gas, this saturation intensity is roughly 1016W/cm2**. Meaning laser intensities above this threshold limit will over-ionise the gas leaving no neutral atoms left to generate the XUV harmonics. The use of laser-solid interaction offers the opportunity of reaching much higher attosecond pulse intensities and generation efficiencies beyond the capabilities of gas based HHG**. The method of generating high-harmonics in laser-solid interactions is fundamentally different than that of laser-gas interactions. Interaction of intense ultrashort laser pulses (of pulse duration around a few femtoseconds) on an optically polished solid surface results in the target surface being completely ionised, generating a dense plasma which will act as a mirror, called a plasma mirror**. The reflection of these high intensity laser pulses will be affected by a wave motion set-up in the electrons within the plasma surface causing it to distort the reflected laser field, resulting in the production of upshifted light pulses and the generation of high-order harmonics**. Due to the coherent nature of this process, these generated harmonics are phase-locked and emerge as attosecond pulse. Fig. 2 Laser pulse moving towards overdense plasma. A key property of this plasma is its electron density, this determines whether the laser is reflected, absorbed or not allowed to pass through. This is known as the density gradient scale length, as the laser pulse interacts with the target and forms a plasma it creates a profile that extends out into the vacuum, forming a plasma density profile. This is a critical factor in HHG and consists of two regions: Overdense scale length, Lod If the electron density is equal to the critical density of the target or above, extending up to the maximum target density, the laser pulse is unable to penetrate through the target and is so reflected or absorbed. Underdense scale length, Lud If the electron density is below this critical density the laser will penetrate through, with some absorption. Fig. 3 Plasma density profile, Lud is underdense region, Lod is overdense region. The critical density is determined from: Where is the angular frequency of the laser. As stated before the target surface is highly ionised by the leading edge of the laser pulse, known as the pre-pulse, therefore becoming rapidly over-dense and creating a plasma mirror of sufficient electron density, ne>nc**. HHG within plasma requires laser intensities >1015W/cm2 for 800nm field**, which is usually stated in terms of a normalised vector potential of a ­0, where: In which; e and m are electron charge and electron mass respectively. c is speed of light in vacuum. E is the amplitude of the lasers electric field. I is the lasers intensity. à Ã¢â‚¬ °l is the laser frequency and ÃŽÂ »l is the laser wavelength. Therefore HHG in plasma requires at least an a0à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¥0.03. Recently is was discovered** that there are two mechanisms that lead to HHG from solid density plasma surfaces; Relativistic oscillating mirror (ROM) Coherent wake emission (CWE) These two process result in different distortions to the reflected laser field and therefore a completely different harmonic spectra produced. CWE Coherent wake emission is a process of three steps; Electrons on the surface of the plasma are drawn into the vacuum by the laser field and accelerated back into the dense plasma once they have gained energy from the driving laser field. When propagating within the dense plasma these fast electrons form ultrashort bunches, creating plasma oscillations in their wake. Within the non-uniform region of the plasma (produced from the density gradient between the plasma-vacuum boundary) the electron oscillations will radiate energy in the form of light of various local plasma frequencies found within this gradient. This process will occur once for every laser cycle therefore the spectrum of the emitted light will consist of harmonics of the laser frequency, in which CWE harmonic spectra have a cutoff at the maximum plasma frequency à Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­pmax **. This mechanism is predominant at moderately relativistic intensities of a0à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤1, and short but finite plasma gradient lengths of **. Coherent wake emission has only recently been identified as a factor in HHG in laser-solid interactions but it is known that it along with ROM contributes to the generation of high-harmonic orders below à Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­pmax and the strength of their respective influence below this threshold is determined by laser intensity**. ROM The other mechanism involved in the generation of high-harmonics from laser-plasma interactions is the relativistic oscillating mirror process, this dominates for relativistic normalised vector potentials of a0>>1, although recent studies have shown that ROM harmonics can be observed even at lower intensities when the plasma gradient length is about **. ROM process occurs when surface electrons in the plasma are oscillated collectively by the high intensity incident laser field to relativistic speeds, the plasma will reflect what it observes as a laser pulse of frequency à Ã¢â‚¬ °+. This à Ã¢â‚¬ °+ frequency is a higher upshifted frequency of the fundamental pulse due to a Doppler effect produced from the relative motion of the laser field to the moving reflection point on the oscillating plasma surface. The actual reflected laser pulse will have a frequency of à Ã¢â‚¬ °++ due to a second Doppler upshift effect as it moves towards an observer/target. This is known as Einsteins relativistic Doppler effect, in which the reflected pulse frequency is upshifted by a factor of 4ÃŽÂ ³2**. Fig 4. Schematic of a relativistic oscillating critical density plasma interaction. From past research it has been found that from this mechanism a power-law decay scaling of I(n)ROMn-8/3 is dominant (where n is the harmonic order) in the harmonic spectrum for harmonic orders above the CWE cut-off point, nCWE,** this is the harmonic order related to the maximum plasma frequency of the target, à Ã¢â‚¬ °pmax, mentioned previously. Where: nCWE = nà Ã¢â‚¬ °max = à Ã¢â‚¬ °pmax/à Ã¢â‚¬ °l = In which; à Ã¢â‚¬ °l is the frequency of the laser, is the maximum electron density of the target, Nc is the critical density shown previously. From this process initial femtosecond pulses can be used to create attosecond pulses. When coupled to a relativistic oscillating mirror it adds an oscillatory extension to Einsteins relativistic Doppler effect, so due to the periodic motion of the mirror to the laser field and the double Doppler upshifts this results in the production of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) harmonics**. These ultra-short pulses have been the focus of much scientific research recently as they offer a promising way to resolve in the time domain the ultrafast dynamics of electrons within materials**. Although the relativistic oscillating mirror process is more suited as a macroscopic model for the effective reflection point of the laser field. It assumes that the surface electrons bunch together as the target is ionised and move out into the vacuum to form the plasma where they remain in the overdense region ensuring that the laser field is completely reflected. More recently studies have discovered there is another mechanism in the relativistic regime that can contribute to the harmonic spectrum via a different process entirely. CSE This other process is known as Coherent synchrotron emission (CSE)** and is needed to explain observations that do not fit the previous two models, in which dense electron nanobunches are created at the plasma-vacuum boundary where they produce coherent XUV radiation through coherent synchrotron emission. This is a microscopic model of HHG in laser-solid interactions. It models the electrons in the plasma moving, in dense bunches, under the influence of the incident laser field and subsequent fields produced from the movement of charges within the plasma. These nanobunches are periodically formed and coherently accelerated through an instantaneously synchrotron-like orbit during each laser cycle, for oblique laser incidences. As certain conditions, such as ultrashort plasma density scale length, are met these bunches emit bursts of sub-femtosecond intense high-frequency radiation. This radiation has properties dependent on the electron trajectories and it has been shown that it can b e modelled as synchrotron radiation**, therefore the coherent XUV emissions are distinctly different from that produced in ROM from relativistic Doppler upshifts. In reality actual electron dynamics may be a mix of CSE and ROM, but due to the complex nature of the changing fields within a plasma it makes it impossible to analytically model with accuracy. Therefore requiring the use of computer simulations to deal with the electron trajectories and their respective radiation emissions. PREVIOUS EXPERIMENTS Based on the work of Edwards et al, 2014, in which the study of attosecond XUV pulse generation from relativistic driven overdense plasma targets with two-colour incident light was performed they used 1D, three velocity, particle-in-cell (PIC) code simulations, which treat oblique incidence with boosted frames, to show how pulse intensity can be improved. They converted a small amount (~5%) of the fundamental laser field energy to an additional laser operating at the second harmonic of the fundamental frequency, to significantly enhance the intensity of the generated attosecond pulses by multiple orders of magnitude. This was based on previous work in which mixing of the fundamental driving laser frequency with the second harmonic was performed on laser-gas interactions to increase the attosecond pulse intensity and isolation (K. J. Schafer et al, 1992). Edwards demonstrated that a significant improvement was also possible through this mixing method in laser-solid interactions following the Similarity theory (proposed by Gordienko and Pukhov,**), that suggests the behaviour of laser-plasma interactions follow a similarity parameter of: 1/S = a0/N à Ã¢â‚¬ °l Where S = ne/a0nc, is a similarity parameter and N = ne/nc which is the ratio of electron density of the plasma to its critical density. Therefore from this it would appear that by doubling à Ã¢â‚¬ °l while using the same laser field amplitude the reflected attosecond pulse intensity would also be increase by a factor of two. One of the main limiting parameters in these experiments is the achievable value of a0, while the largest solid material value of N (lithium at ÃŽÂ »=800nm) is 75, so this type of frequency doubling appears to be a promising pathway to optimising attosecond pulse intensity, although a drawback of this is the negative effect it has on the isolation of the reflected pulses. Therefore they stated that a two-colour method, of partially converting a portion of the fundamental laser field energy to the second harmonic, would be a more attractive alternative. Through this process the advantages of using a higher incident frequency, by increasing the gradient of the electric field at certain points within the pulse generation cycle, without the related decrease in pulse isolation and loss of energy associated to simple frequency doubling can be exploited. In their study they used a normal-incidence beam on a step-like plasma density profile using a mix of the first and second harmonic with a phase difference of to produce harmonics with a higher intensity than either incident field individually. They demonstrate substantial gains after the addition of a small amount of the second harmonic to achieve attosecond pulse enhancement of factors >10. As well as a 10-fold enhancement when using density gradients of 0.05ÃŽÂ » and 0.15ÃŽÂ » with conversions of the fundamental to the second harmonic of 5%-10% at an angle of incidence of à Ã‚ ´=30o. Therefore Edwards was able to go on and state that the relative phase of the two incident harmonics were a critical factor in the improvement in attosecond pulse intensity. This is due to the difference in the driving electric field waveform and corresponding resultant electron motion as is varied. Where they linked the strongest attosecond pulse intensities with sharp transitions in the driving electric field that are aided by the addition of the second harmonic at optimum phases, while phases that break the driving field transition reduce the attosecond intensities to levels sometimes substantially below what could be achieved pre-mixing of the harmonics. Therefore when harmonics are combined without thought to their phases they do not always improve the attosecond strength. Further detail into the trajectories of dense electron bunches, which emit synchrotron like radiation (CSE) was given to help explain this effect, where supressed pulse electrons were shown to follow a longer and slower motion before being accelerated and subsequently emitting, resulting in longer elongated trajectories. Whereas electrons that contribute to the improvement of the attosecond pulse strength are shown to experience a larger field before and during emission. This meant their velocity and acceleration components were larger than the suppressed electrons, giving them more energy as it is driven back into the plasma. Overall they state that the larger the electric field experienced by the electrons increases the intensity of the reflected attosecond pulse, due to the number of electrons travelling in a dense bunch increasing as this larger field that the electrons near the surface experience compresses them into higher density bunches. Another study performed by Yeung et al, 2016, focused on controlling the attosecond motion of strongly driven electrons at the boundary between the pre-formed plasma and the vacuum. They demonstrated experimentally that by precisely adding an additional laser field, at the second harmonic of the fundamental driving frequency, attosecond control over the trajectories of the dense electron bunches involved in intense laser-plasma interactions can be achieved. From this considerable improvements in the high-harmonic generation intensity was observed, which confirms the theoretical work by Edwards in two-colour fields reviewed previously while developing upon this to further factors. Experimentally they showed that attosecond control over the phase relationship of the two driving fields is necessary to optimise the reflected attosecond pulse intensity. While also using PIC simulations to determine the optimal and worst phase relationships, in which a phase of was found to optimise the emission. Microscopic focus determined that during each cycle the emission of the attosecond pulse begins as a primary electron bunch which is compressed and then quickly accelerated away from the surface up to relativistic velocities, from here it emits before it disperses and returns back to the plasma. Secondary bunches are also present but these were found not to have a significant effect harmonic spectrum for orders >20. These bunches were found to emit when their velocities where at their max, which confirmed that the two-colour field phase matched the emitted XUV to the acceleration produced from the fundamental laser field. While at the poorest phase relationship, which Yeung found to be , a plateau in the driving laser field is created which impedes the acceleration of the electrons from the surface, therefore reducing the density of the electron bunch produced that can emit. They concluded from the data provided by the simulations that control of the relative phase of the two colour driving fields has a significant effect the electron bunch dynamics. While from the experimental data their collected it was demonstrated that the HHG produced from the two-colour field was increased substantially when no laser pre-pulse was involved, or equivalently when the plasma has shorter density scale length. Confirming the work of Edwards et al, 2014, that two-colour fields generate significantly more higher-harmonic orders than that of a fundamental field alone, even when only a small percentage (5%-10%) of the fundamental laser energy is converted to the second harmonic. INTRODUCTION TO TWO-COLOUR HARMONICS - ABSTRACT BRIEF SUMMARY OF EXPERIMENT, RESULTS AND CONCLUSION 1x INTRODUCTION BRIEF HISTORY .5x HHG PRODUCTION .5x CWE 1x ROM 2x (inc. plasma theory e.g. scale length) CSE 1x COMPARISON WITH GAS EXPERIMENTS 1x PAST EXPERIMENTS LEADING UP TO THIS ONE 2x INTRODUCTION INTO SPECIFICS OF THIS EXPERIMENT 1x METHOD PIC CODES EXPLAINED 2x EPOCH DETAILS 1x LASER DETAILS 1x PROCESS OF ANALYSIS .5x CREATION OF GRAPHS .5x RESULTS GRAPHS COMPARE CONTRAST IMPLICATIONS CONCLUSION FURUTRE RESEARCH 1x IMPROVEMENTS 1x         

African Studies: African Experience Analysis Essay

Abstract: In my research, to understand how we undertake the study of the African experience you have to start in the beginning of time which dates back hundreds of thousands years ago and go into one of the first civilizations known as ancient Egypt. Understanding where the people come from and where they are at today does not even cover a quarter of understanding the true African experience. To understand truly how to undertake the African experience you must understand the social structure, governance, ways of knowing, science and technology, movement and memory, and cultural meaning (The six conceptual categories). With these concepts you understand that in a cosmograph known as the circle of life, there is a cycle that is always repeated: birth, the peek of life, death, the peek of death and rebirth. â€Å"Anything above the line is alive, anything below the line is dead.† The experience is continued all the way from beginning to the current time and you have to know all the stages to fully understand the true African experience. For my critical review of scholarship I will talk about my current favorite book, â€Å"Something Torn and New, African Renaissance,† by Nguigi Wa Thiong’o. I will use class discussion and the book to undertake the African experience. A scholar by the name of Dr. Carr said, â€Å"Dr. King talked about non-violence. Obama just passed gun laws while kissing babies. So you can say we are making a step towards fulfilling our goals but we are not there yet.† Slavery is not the beginning of what is known of as Africa, which tends to be what all people think the African experience is. The syllabus states, â€Å"Well over half of the human development took place exclusively in Africa. Studying Africana therefore requires long-view historical markers derived from intra and extra African conceptual tools.† So I will start my essay before what we know as the modern world. According to the African Genealogy Africans moved to the Nile and other parts of Africa around 12,000 years ago. Homo sapiens dating back to over 200,000 years ago were the first remains of human kind discovered in Africa. This shows that civilization started in Africa. As much as Europeans try and take everything from us Africans and rewrite our history as far as the Christopher Columbus era, it does not matter because artifacts shows that everything was started in Africa. We use ways of knowing to prove that between the bones found in Africa there was civilization in ancient Africa. â€Å"Experiential Kin is when you grow up with someone, even though your not blood family that’s your cousin. You don’t have aunts or uncles like in America. You have the nucleus family then the extended family.† This is the reason villages were so important in the uprising of Africa. In discussion, before the Romans and Greeks had the idea of conquering the world, there were ancient Egyptians. Consisting of nobles, scribes, farmers, and craftsman, Egyptians created time through sundials, books through scribes, language through hieroglyphics, crops through farmers, art through craftsman. In addition, temples were built on with their own backs and hands, which is something that no man today, would be able to accomplish. The era of technology seemed to have just recently surpassed the dedication and hard work of the ancient people. As we fast forward in time we go back to the Christopher Columbus era. Europeans came to Africa and their mission was to erase all of the knowledge and power we had before their arrival. They tried to brainwash the people to make it seem as if they were the first people to discover the new world. And in all actuality the new world was already known. You cant discover something if it has been discovered already. Thiong’o states â€Å"Columbus goes west across the Atlantic and, despite finding people inhabiting the lands, he calls the region he finds the New Hispaniola. Later the whole land mass is named America after Amerigo Vespucci.† With the discovery of America, started the beginning of trade routes of Africa. When I think of dismemberment I think of the scene in the movie Gladiator where the warrior had two horse carriages attached to his arms then the carriages sped in opposite directions leaving the man dead with no arms. Thiong’o used dismemberment in a context that made me look at the word in not only literally but also figuratively. He said â€Å"the result was an additional dismemberment of the Diaspora African, who was now separated not only from his continent and his labor but also from his very sovereign being.† 4 This shows the movement and memory of the African people at this time. They had their land mind stripped from right in front of them to become slaves on another land. America is a curse and a blessing. It’s a blessing because we are one of the wealthiest and most powerful countries in the world. The curse is that we are known as the free world but only free to remember all the pain our people had to suffer to get here and fight for our rights. This topic is so controversial that it’s hard to cover everything in only three pages especially when you start with ancient civilization. My only question is will the African People ever recover from the hardships faced from around the world? Poverty is everywhere in Africa and it seems as if it will never change. Hopefully in my lifetime I will see the change and we can go back to being the dominant people that we once was before everything was taken from us.

Education Reform Essay

Education reform has been a heavily debated topic over the past several decades. This dispute, over education standards, peaked my interest due to my belief that the majority of students in public schools across the United States are underperforming in comparison to other first world countries. On the other hand some teachers and education professionals consider the existing policies adequate in teaching students, and they oppose any new regulations bestowed on by the federal government. These professionals fear that the outcome of increased government action will only result in further standardized testing. There are a plethora of aspects pertaining to education reform, I will just be focusing on a few, including; whether additional schooling controls economic prosperity, if written exams indicate the knowledge a student retains from a particular course, and should the federal government regulate the education system? By beginning some perfunctory research I quickly decided that the United States was in fact in dire need for reform. I chose to investigate further into the issue to find a clearer understanding of what schools and faculty can do to better assist their students. The process of establishing and supporting my thesis was a culmination of multiple components. My Ultimate goal is for the reader to fully comprehend the impurities of public education. My research began with determining a topic, then the research portion of the assignment commenced. Research was not as easy as entering your topic in on a search engine, the sources had to be specific to your topic, from a trustworthy publisher, and factual. Additionally there were requirement as to the medium of sources we needed to incorporate, such as a book, an interview, and a periodical.

25+ TERRIFIC Repetition Examples in Literature

25+ TERRIFIC Repetition Examples in Literature 25+ TERRIFIC Repetition Examples in Literature Editing 101 will always tell you the same thing: avoid repetition in your writing. But make no mistake, repetition isn’t a pariah in   the world of prose! In fact, when executed with finesse, it can make a piece of writing all the more compelling.This post will take you through the basics of repetition. And because the best way to understand a literary device is to see it in skilled action, we’ll also cover 30 remarkable examples of repetition in literature. (To skip past the next section where we define repetition, you can jump straight to those examples!)Repetition definitionRepetition is the act of repeating sounds, words, phrases, or full sentences. As a literary device, it’s used to stress key points, or to achieve a certain rhythm, tone, or style of prose - which is why you’ll often find it in poetry.However, while it can be used to highlight important details or enhance rhythm, repetition needs to be done with care. If you accidentally repeat wor ds or re-state the same information for readers over and over (and over) again, it can become jarring. For instance, if you’ve already told readers that a character has an unusual beauty mark on their shoulder, mention it once and leave it at that. Hearing about the beauty mark every time that character is in a scene is tiring. If it’s crucial to bring it up more than once, find new and interesting ways of bringing attention to it - instead of just stating its existence, maybe you can have another character comment on it.If you’re going to repeat a word, phrase, or idea, it needs to have a purpose. Pinpoint exactly why it needs to be said again - or if there’s another way you present it that adds more to the narrative.To   figure out the right way to use this literary device, you first have to learn the different types of repetition. Learn more about how Reedsy can help you craft a beautiful book.Types of repetitionDid you know that there are at least 15 main types of repetition? They fall into two categories: words and sounds. Let’s start with...Repetition of Words1. Anadiplosis The last word of a clause or sentence is repeated as the first word of the next one.Example: "Fear leads to anger; anger leads to hatred; hatred leads to conflict; conflict leads to suffering." - Yoda, in Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace.2. Anaphora The word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences is repeated.Example: â€Å"It rained on his lousy tombstone, and it rained on the grass on his stomach. It rained all over the place.† - The Catcher in the Rye by JD Salinger3. Antistasis The repetition of words or phrases in different or contrary senses.Example: â€Å"We must, indeed, all hang together or, most assuredly, we shall all hang separately.†   - Benjamin Franklin4. Conduplicatio The frequent repetition of a word or phrase within a paragraph, in order to expand upon its meaning.Example: â€Å"Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God's children." - Martin Luther King, Jr.5. Diacope The repetition of words separated be additional words, which alter their meaning.Example: â€Å"We few, we happy few, we band of brothers.† - Henry V by Shakespeare6. Epanalepsis The word both at the beginning and at the end of the clause or sentence is repeated.Example: â€Å"Next time there won't be a next time.† - Phil Leotardo, in The Sopranos7. Epimone The word or phrase is repeated to place emphasis on its meaning.Example: â€Å"Mr. Dick shook his head, as utterly renouncing the suggestion; and having replied a great many times, and with great confidence, ‘No beggar, no beggar, no beggar, Sir!’† - David Copperfield by Charles Dickens (Are you a Dickens fan? Read up on 15 of his classics novels in our guide to Dickens!)8. Epiphora The repetition of a word or phrase at the end of a series of clauses or sentences.Example: If you did know to whom I gave the ring, If you did know for whom I gave the ring And would conceive for what I gave the ring And how unwillingly I left the ring, When naught would be accepted but the ring, You would abate the strength of your displeasure. - The Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare9. Epizeuxis The successive repetition of a word or phrase within one clause or sentence.Example: â€Å"The horror, the horror.† - Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad10. Negative-Positive Restatement An idea or phrase is presented in negative terms, and then repeated in positive terms.Example: â€Å"The tragedy of old age is not that one is old, but that one is young.† - The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde11. Polyptoton The same root word is repeated in different forms.Example: â€Å"Today you are You, that is truer than true. There is no one alive who is Youer than You.† - Happy Birthday to You! by Dr. Seuss12. Symploce The repetition of a word or phrase both at the end and at the beginning of a clause or sentence. (In other words, a combination of   anaphora and epiphora.)Example: "The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the window-panes, The yellow smoke that rubs its muzzle on the window-panes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  - â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† by  T.S. EliotSound RepetitionDo you hear that? Is it bat, a rat, or a gnat? And speaking of sounds that repeat themselves, let’s take a look at...13. Alliteration The successive repetition of consonant sounds in the stressed part of a word.Example: â€Å"She sells seashells by the sea-shore.†14. Assonance The vowel sounds are repeated.Example: â€Å""Hear the mellow wedding bells†¦Ã¢â‚¬  - â€Å"The Bells† by  Edgar Allan Poe15. Consonance The repetition of consonant sounds in successive or closely connected words. The difference between consonance and alliteration is that alliteration is at the beginning of the word (so â€Å"Peter Piper†), but consonance can be anywhere in the word.Example: I'll swing by my ankles. She'll cling to your knees. As you hang by your nose, From a high-up trapeze. But just one thing, please, As we float through the breeze, Don't sneeze. - â€Å"The Acrobats† by Shel SilversteinOkay, now that we’ve gotten seamlessly up to speed (pardon the alliteration), on the different types of repetition, let’s look at some exemplary examples from literature (pardon the polyptoton).Repetition examples in literatureLet’s turn this section into a little quiz. Try to guess what kind of repetition each quote is using as you read through - the answers will be provided at the bottom!Example #1:  The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy by  Douglas Adams"Space is big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mind-bogglingly big it is. I mean, you may think it's a long way down the road to the chemist's, but that's just peanuts to space."Example #2:  The Innocents Abroad by  Mark Twain"They are not paid for thinkingthey are not paid to fret about the world's concerns. They were not respectable peoplethey were not worthy peoplethey were not learned and wise and brilliant peoplebut in their breasts, all their stupid lives long, resteth a peace that passeth understanding!"Example #3: Deep River by  Shusaku Endoâ€Å"Hatred was spreading everywhere, blood was being spilled everywhere, wars were breaking out everywhere.†Example #4:  A Tale of Two Cities by  Charles Dickensâ€Å"It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way- in short, the period was so far like the present period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only.†Example #5:  Beloved by  Toni Morrisonâ€Å"Beloved is mine; she is B eloved.†Example #6:  Lolita by Vladimir Nabokovâ€Å"What I present here is what I remember of the letter, and what I remember of the letter I remember verbatim (including that awful French).†Example #7:  Outer Dark by Cormac McCarthyâ€Å"And stepping softly with her air of blooded ruin about the glade in a frail agony of grace she trailed her rags through dust and ashes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Answers:  a) Epimone; b) Symploce; c) Epistrophe; d) Anaphora; e) Epanalepsis; f) Anadiplosis; g) AssonanceExamples of repetition in poetryRepetition is especially prevalent in poetry, as it can help achieve a certain resonance with readers. Again, read through the following examples of poetic repetition and guess what type each uses.Example #1: "Stopping by Woods On a Snowy Evening" by Robert Frostâ€Å"The woods are lovely, dark, and deep, But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep.†Example #2: "Do Not Go Gentle into the Good Night" by Dylan Thomasâ€Å"Do not go gentle into that good night, Old age should burn and rave at close of day; Rage, rage, against the dying of the light. Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight, Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay, Rage, rage against the dying of the light.†Example #3: â€Å"Annabel Lee† by Edgar Allen Poeâ€Å"It was many and many a year ago, In a kingdom by the sea, That a maiden there lived whom you may know By the name of Annabel Lee; And this maiden she lived with no other thought Than to love and be loved by me.†Example #4: "Song of Myself, 3" by Walt Whitmanâ€Å"There was never any more inception than there is now, Nor any more youth or age than there is now, And will never be any more perfection than there is now, Nor any more heaven or hell than there is now.†Example #5: "A Child is Born" by Stephen Vincent Benetâ€Å"Life is not lost by dying! Life is lost Minute by minute, day by dragging day, In all the thousand, small uncaring ways.†Example #6: "The Gnome, The Gnat, The Gnu" by Shel Silverstein"I saw an ol' gnome Take a gknock at a gnat Who was gnibbling the gnose of his gnu. I said, "Gnasty gnome, Gnow, stop doing that."Example #7: "Coda" by Dorothy Parkerâ€Å"There’s little in taking or giving, There’s little in water or wine; This living, this living, this living Was never a project of mine.†Answers: a) Epizeuxis; b) Assonance; c) Consonance; d) Epiphora; e) Diacope; f) Alliteration ; g) Epizeuxis Did you know there are over 15 types of repetition? Now that you know how to make repetition your writing’s best friend, let’s give a shout-out to your best friend when it comes to removing unnecessary repetition: CTRL+F. We are all guilty of over relying on specific words that crop up in our writing again and again. Get acquainted with your own habitual words, and then use CTRL+F to sweep your document for them. Find, remove, repeat! 😊Do you incorporate repetition into your prose? Is there a specific type that you favor? Leave any thoughts or questions in the comments below!